Upanishads
ഉപനിഷത്തുകൾ
The concluding knowledge of the Vedas, including the principal Upanishads and the larger Muktika collection of 108.
The Upanishads explore the self (atman), ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation. The Muktika canon lists 108 Upanishads; this library begins with the principal Upanishads and adds the others as their texts are verified and imported.
Scriptures in this collection
Isha Upanishad
ഈശോപനിഷത്ത്
A short Upanishad teaching the unity of the self and the world.
Kena Upanishad
കേനോപനിഷത്ത്
A brief Upanishad on Brahman as the power behind speech, mind and the senses.
Katha Upanishad
കഠോപനിഷത്ത്
The dialogue of Nachiketa and Yama on death, the self and liberation.
Prashna Upanishad
പ്രശ്നോപനിഷത്ത്
Six questions put to Pippalada on creation, prana and the self.
Mundaka Upanishad
മുണ്ഡകോപനിഷത്ത്
A Upanishad contrasting lower and higher knowledge and describing Brahman.
Mandukya Upanishad
മാണ്ഡൂക്യോപനിഷത്ത്
Twelve verses on Om and the four states of consciousness.
Taittiriya Upanishad
തൈത്തിരീയോപനിഷത്ത്
A Upanishad on Brahman, the sheaths of the self and the joy of realisation.
Aitareya Upanishad
ഐതരേയോപനിഷത്ത്
A Upanishad on the self as the source of the worlds and of consciousness.
Chandogya Upanishad
ഛാന്ദോഗ്യോപനിഷത്ത്
A long Upanishad on Om, the self and the teaching “Tat tvam asi”.
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
ബൃഹദാരണ്യകോപനിഷത്ത്
The longest principal Upanishad, with the dialogues of Yajnavalkya and “Aham Brahmasmi”.
Shvetashvatara Upanishad
ശ്വേതാശ്വതരോപനിഷത്ത്
A theistic Upanishad on Rudra-Shiva, the self and the practice of yoga.
Kaushitaki Upanishad
കൗഷീതകിബ്രാഹ്മണോപനിഷത്ത്
A Upanishad on prana, the self and the path after death.
Maitrayaniya Upanishad
മൈത്രായണീയോപനിഷത്ത്
A Upanishad on the self, the gunas and the discipline of yoga.